Avocados are ancient fruits and originated from Mexico and Central America. These fruits are commonly known as “Butter Fruits”. Avocados look like pear fruit and are tropical fruits. These fruits are a better source of nutrients than other fruits. Avocados have existed since the 1900s in India and were first introduced on the county’s west coast. Avocados have existed since the 1900s in India and were first introduced in the country. Avocado cultivation is the best way to increase the wealth of farmers. there are many health benefits of Avocado farming it is a great source of vitamins, decreases heart disease risk, it is a rich source of antioxidant compounds.
Commercial cultivation of avocado is limited in India, and mainly the South Indian states produce avocado. Avocado fruits are mainly used as fresh fruit. Also, they are used in salads and sandwich fillings. Even though Avocado cultivation in India is growing slowly, Avocado farming in India has a good future. Generally, July to September is the period to find avocados in the market. Let’s come and discuss the Avocado farming process.
The procedure of Avocado Farming
It is very easy and simple to start an avocado farming business on a commercial and small scale. Avocados generally require equipment, so you will probably be able to start and operate this business efficiently with the help of the best tractors and their attachments. However, you can choose from Kartar tractor models and many other famous brand models. You can start an avocado farming business in tropical and semi-tropical humid regions. Here in this guide, let us discuss the avocado cultivation process with complete specifications.
1. Climate Requirement
Farmers grow avocado plants in tropical and semi-tropical humid regions. These plants cannot tolerate frost and hot, dry winds. You can grow best in true tropical to warmer parts of the temperate region.
2. Soil Requirement
You can grow these plants on a wide variety of soils except on poor, drained soils, as these plants are sensitive to waterlogging. Avoid saline soil as these plants cannot tolerate saline conditions. For better growth and yield, the optimum soil pH should be between 5.0 and 7.0.
3. Propagation and Planting Material
Generally, avocado is propagated through seeds in India. Generally, the avocado viability of seeds can be increased by storing the seeds in the sand at 5 °C (or) dry peat. Then, farmers use Mature seeds from avocado fruits for direct sowing on nursery beds or in polyethene bags. After six months of growing seedlings in the nursery, transplanting can be done in the main field.
4. Planting and Spacing
During the February to March period, dig pits of 90 cm x 90 cm and fill pits with farm manure and topsoil in a ratio of 1:1. Plant spacing in avocado fruit cultivation depends on the cultivar and growth habit of the plant. Generally, the recommended plant distance in avocado planting is 8m to 10m. However, for the “Fuerte” variety, you should keep a greater distance due to its spreading nature. Therefore, 10 m x 10 m distance prefers from June to July on hill slopes in Sikkim.
5. Different Types of Avocados
Only the West Indian species is well adapted to tropical and near-tropical environments, but its hybrids with Guatemala perform well and are considered beneficial for extending the harvest season. In the less tropical regions, Guatemalan–Mexican hybrids predominate because they combine the cold resistance of the latter with the former. West Indian, Guatemalan and Mexican horticultural breeds in India were adapted to subtropical and tropical environments. West Indian farmers grow small spaces throughout Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra.
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Mexican race
The fruit type is small (250 g) and ripens 6 to 8 months after flowering. The fruit has a smooth skin, thin and a large seed that fits loosely into the centre chamber. Moreover, the fruit has an oil content of up to 30%, and this tree species is cold and hardy.
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Guatemalan race
The fruits are huge and borne on long stalks, weighing up to 600 grams. Fruits ripen 9-12 months after flowering. The seeds are small and get stuck in the hollow of the fruit. The oil content in fruits ranges from 8% to 15%.
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West Indian race
The fruits are medium-sized, with smooth, shiny skin. The fruits are carried on long stalks and may take up to 9 months to ripen after flowering. Its seeds are large and fit only loosely into the cavity. The fruit has a low oil content (3-10%). This race is beneficial for tropical climates.
Manures and Fertilisers
In avocado fruit farming, this fruit crop requires nitrogen and heavy manuring plays the main role in avocado production. You should apply avocado seedling with N: P2O5: K2O in a 1:1:1 proportion. On the other hand, you can apply older plants in the 2:1:2 ratio.
Generally, a pH value of soil above 7.0 will show iron deficiency which may be corrected by adding iron chelate at the rate of 30 to 35 g/tree. Use inorganic and organic fertilisers for the best avocado yield and growth. Urea should divide into two categories in March-April and September-October.
Irrigation Requirement
You should carry out irrigation as soon as the transplantation takes place in the field of avocado farming. In addition, you can carry out subsequent irrigations @ 3 to 4 weeks intervals, mainly in dry hot weather periods. Farmers should carry mulching to avoid any moisture stress during the winter season. Mulch the plants with dry leaves and dry grass to retain the moisture. During the rainy season, there is no need for irrigation.
Furthermore, in heavy rain or flooding, water should drain out as avocado plants are very sensitive to water stagnation. Drip irrigation prefers as it improves oil percentage and fruit size and reduces harvesting time.
Need the Equipment
For better avocado farming operation and productivity, you should do the cultivation modernly. Therefore, the cultivation of avocado required better tractors and implements. And users/farmers can choose the best tractor according to their budget. We recommend the Trakstar tractor models. Also, you can find John Deere 5050D, Mahindra Yuvraj 215 NXT and any other tractor that fits your budget. Apart from this, you can get the best Trakstar tractor price and any other tractor price online.
Conclusion
Before starting avocado farming, do have a preference for this blog farming information. And to know more about agriculture practice, stay tuned with us.
